According to legend, during the 16th century, an apparition of the Virgin Mary repeatedly presented itself to a Mexican peasant named Juan Diego and asked him build a shrine. A local Catholic bishop was skeptical about Diego’s encounter – that is, until an image of the Virgin appeared inside of Diego’s cloak for the bishop to see. The story of this miraculous appearance – and that the Virgin had a dark complexion, and spoke the local language – played an important role in the conversion of Mexico’s indigenous people to Catholicism.
Now known as Our Lady of Guadalupe, the Virgin has become an integral part of Mexican history and culture, “a powerful symbol of devotion, identity, and patriotism.” Our Lady of Guadalupe appears in numerous contexts, religious and nonreligious alike. Every December, Mexicans, Mexican-Americans, and members of other Latino communities honor her through processions, dances, and folk traditions.